Noah Sinclair
Curved nails can be a natural trait, but they can also indicate underlying health issues. While the shape of your nail matrix determines the curve of your nails, and cannot be changed, there are cosmetic solutions to prevent nails from curling. This article will explore the various causes of downward-curving nails and provide treatments and prevention methods to maintain healthy nail growth.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Cause of nail curling | Could be due to an underlying health issue, such as a fungal infection, psoriasis, or iron deficiency anemia. |
| Treatment | May involve addressing the underlying health issue, for example, treating an iron deficiency with supplements or dietary changes. In some cases, a doctor may recommend removing part or all of the nail. |
| Prevention | Maintaining nail health by using a high-quality jojoba wax ester-based nail oil, avoiding water exposure, and always wearing a base coat or nail polish can help prevent nail curling. |
| When to see a doctor | If nail curling is accompanied by other symptoms or if you are concerned about the appearance of your nails, it is recommended to consult a doctor for advice and treatment. |
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What You'll Learn
Causes of curved nails: spoon nails, fungal infections, and chronic conditions
Spoon nails, fungal infections, and chronic conditions are some of the causes of curved nails. Spoon nails, or koilonychia, are characterised by nails that are so soft and curved that they can hold a droplet of water. This condition can be caused by several factors, including nutritional deficiencies such as iron or vitamin B deficiency, overexposure to petroleum products, and genetic predisposition. It is often a symptom of iron deficiency anaemia, which causes the tissue underneath the nail to thicken, resulting in curved nails. Spoon nails can also be caused by injuries to the nail bed, such as thumb-sucking in infants and toddlers or wearing tight shoes.
Fungal infections are another common cause of curved nails. These infections cause the nail to become thick, discoloured, and brittle, leading to curvature. Fungal nail infections often develop slowly, starting at the edge of the nail and gradually spreading. They are typically treated with antifungal medications, which can take several months to show improvement.
Additionally, chronic conditions such as psoriasis and lupus can also contribute to curved nails. Psoriasis affects the nails in about 90% of cases, causing nail thickening, curving, and the formation of shallow or deep holes. Lupus, or systemic lupus erythematosus, is an autoimmune disorder that can cause nail curvature, among other symptoms. Treatment for lupus typically involves suppressing the immune system with medications.
While curved nails can be a cosmetic concern, they may also indicate underlying health issues. It is important to consult a healthcare professional if curved nails are accompanied by other symptoms or if they persist.
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Curved nails and health: when to seek medical advice
Curved nails can be a cosmetic concern, but they can also indicate an underlying health issue. While it is natural to experience some nail abnormalities, persistent and noticeable changes to the nails can signal the need for medical attention. Here are some instances where curved nails may warrant a visit to a healthcare professional:
- Spoon nails: If your nails become so soft and curved that they can hold a droplet of water, this is known as koilonychia or spoon nails. While this can occur in newborns and may not require treatment, it can also indicate health issues such as iron-deficiency anaemia in people of other ages.
- Ingrown nails: Nails that curve far inward at the sides are called ingrown nails. This condition is often caused by wearing tight shoes or improper nail cutting. Ingrown nails can be painful and may require medical attention, especially if they become infected.
- Nail clubbing: Nail clubbing is a gradual change in the appearance and structure of nails, making them appear wider, spongy, or swollen, similar to an upside-down spoon. It is often associated with serious health conditions, particularly diseases of the heart and lungs, such as lung cancer, lung infections, interstitial lung disease, cystic fibrosis, or cardiovascular disease.
- Underlying health conditions: Curved nails can sometimes be a symptom of an underlying health issue, such as a fungal infection or chronic conditions like psoriasis. If the curving occurs alongside other symptoms, such as thickening, discolouration, or horizontal ridges (Beau's lines), it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.
- Persistent or noticeable changes: If you notice persistent or noticeable changes to your nail curvature, it may be worth consulting a doctor. They can help identify any underlying issues and advise on the appropriate treatment.
While nail health is often a reflection of nutritional intake or poor digestion, it can also indicate more serious health concerns. Therefore, it is always best to seek medical advice if you have concerns about your nail health or if curved nails are accompanied by other symptoms.
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Nail care: filing, oils, and polish.
Nail Care: Filing, Oils, and Polish
Filing
Filing your nails is an easy way to keep them healthy and presentable. Start by choosing a soft-grit nail file, such as an emery board, which is both affordable and effective. A file with a softer grit of around 180-200 will give you the smoothest finish and prevent the edges of your nails from becoming rough or scraggly.
Before you begin filing, wash and dry your hands with soap and warm water to remove any oil or debris. When you're ready to file, hold the file so that its surface touches your nail straight-on, and position your hands so that your fingers point toward you. File in single strokes along the grain of your nail, avoiding a sawing motion to prevent tears or breakages.
If you have flat nails that tend to widen at the tips, you can file the side edges to make them more rectangular. Filing the sides can also help reduce the tension of the curl, making your nails appear flatter.
Oils
Like your skin, your nails need hydration. Cuticle oils can help to heal cracked nails and rigid cuticles, providing deep moisture. They can also promote nail growth and strengthen nails. Some popular oils include avocado, castor, jojoba, and sweet almond oil.
Polish
Polish can add temporary strength to your nails, reducing side tears. It's especially important for those with wider nails. Always have at least one layer of base coat wrapped around your tips to protect your nails.
To prevent chipping, avoid showering with naked nails as the water and shampoo can dissolve the oil out of your nails.
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Diet and supplements: the role of iron and folate
The shape and appearance of your nails can be affected by an iron deficiency. Iron composes the centre of red blood cells, which carry oxygen to your organs and every cell in your body, including your nails. An iron deficiency can cause vertical ridges in your nails, or your nails may concave or "spoon". This condition is known as koilonychia, and can be caused by increased blood flow to the fingertips. It can run in families and may be harmless, but it may also indicate an underlying health condition, especially if it occurs later in life.
If you think your nails are being affected by an iron deficiency, try adding iron-rich foods to your diet. These include beef, pork, lamb, liver, broccoli, kale, collard greens, pinto beans, black-eyed peas, and black-eyed peas. A doctor may also recommend a high-dose iron supplement, or intravenous supplementation for people who are unable to pass iron through their gastrointestinal tract. Eating a food rich in vitamin C, such as oranges and strawberries, alongside a plant-based iron food source, can also improve absorption.
Folate, or vitamin B9, is also important for nail growth and health. It contributes to red blood cell formation and the development of new cells. A deficiency in folate can cause a pigment change in your nails and make them rigid and brittle. To prevent deficiencies, adults require 400mcg of folate per day, though pregnant women have an increased need. Folate can be found in dark green vegetables, citrus fruits, beans, peas, lentils, nuts, seeds, and avocado.
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Cosmetic solutions: acrylics, polygel, and falsies
While the shape of your nail matrix determines the curve of your fingernails, and cannot be changed, you can cosmetically alter the look of your nails. One way to do this is through the use of acrylic nails. Acrylic nails are a combination of liquid monomer and powder polymer that form a paste bonded to the natural nail, adding length and strength. They create a larger, more evenly shaped canvas for intricate nail art and designs. However, it is recommended to take a break from acrylics every three to six months to help rejuvenate your natural nails.
Another option is polygel nails. Polygel is a revolutionary all-in-one system that combines the best features of acrylic and hard gel nails, delivering strong, flexible, and lightweight nails. It is monomer-free, odourless, and easy to apply. Polygel nails are also safer as they do not produce any airborne dust.
Lastly, you can opt for false nails or press-on nails, which are a quick and easy way to achieve salon-quality nails at home. These glue-on nails come in a variety of colours, designs, and styles, allowing you to create instant nail perfection without having to visit a salon.
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Frequently asked questions
Curled nails can be a sign of underlying health issues, such as nutritional deficiencies, fungal infections, or skin conditions. To prevent curling, keep your nails well-moisturized and regularly trimmed. If you notice significant curling, consult a healthcare professional for advice.
Nail curling can be caused by a variety of factors, including nutritional deficiencies, such as a lack of vitamin B12, vitamin D3, iron, or protein. It can also be caused by certain health conditions, such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, lung cancer, or thyroid disorders.
If nail curling is due to nutritional deficiencies, improving your diet or taking supplements can help. For infections or other health-related issues, it is important to visit a doctor for advice. Additionally, you can try to keep your nails well-moisturized and regularly trimmed to maintain their shape and prevent curling.
