Grow A Missing Fingernail: A Natural Regeneration Guide

Losing a fingernail can be a painful and distressing experience. The nail matrix, which is the area under the base of your nail, is responsible for producing new nail cells. Injuries to the nail matrix can cause nail loss and, in severe cases, can damage the nail matrix, hindering nail regrowth. Depending on the type and severity of the injury, treatment options vary, ranging from home care to urgent medical attention. This article will explore the process of nail regrowth, the factors influencing it, and the steps to take if you lose a fingernail.

Fingernail injuries and how to treat them at home

Fingernail injuries can be complex wounds and can sometimes result in permanent deformity. They can range from a bruise under the nail to the separation of the nail from the nail bed.

If you have smashed your finger in a door, hit it with a hammer, or cut it with a knife, you may have injured your nail matrix. The nail matrix is where your fingernails form, and injuries to this area can cause bruising, ridges, or discolouration. In severe cases, part or all of your nail may not grow back.

If you have a nail injury, the first step is to stop any bleeding by applying pressure with a clean cloth. If you cannot stop the bleeding, or if you have a deep cut, broken bone, or other injuries in addition to the nail injury, you should seek medical attention.

If the injury is minor, you can treat it at home by removing any jewellery from the affected hand or foot and gently washing any minor cuts or scrapes. Apply a bandage if needed. You can also apply ice wrapped in a soft cloth to the area for 20 minutes every 2 hours on the first day, then 3 to 4 times a day after that to help ease swelling and pain. Keep your hand or foot above the level of your heart to reduce throbbing.

If your nail is torn or detached, you can trim off the detached nail to prevent it from catching and tearing. If you leave the detached nail in place, it will eventually fall off when the new nail grows in. You can also soak your finger or toe in cold water for 20 minutes after trimming the nail, and apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly, keeping the area dry, clean, and covered until the nail has grown back.

How to prevent fingernail infections

Fingernail infections, or paronychia, are no fun. They can be caused by bacteria or fungi entering your skin through cuts or broken skin around your nail. To prevent this from happening, you need to keep your nails and the skin around them strong and intact. Here are some tips to do that:

Don't bite your nails or cuticles. Nail biting or picking at the cuticles can create tiny cracks in the nails or cuts in the skin, which can allow bacteria to enter and cause an infection. If you have hangnails, don't pull at them. Instead, carefully clip them off with clean nail clippers or scissors.

Keep your nails trimmed and smooth. Nails that are too long are more likely to break or get in the way and be bitten or picked at. However, don't cut your nails too short, as this can also lead to skin breakage around the nail.

Protect your hands from water and chemicals. People whose hands are frequently wet or exposed to chemicals are at a higher risk of nail infections. If you work with water or chemicals, wear protective gloves to reduce your risk of infection. Keep your hands dry when you can, and avoid prolonged exposure to water.

Keep your nails and hands clean. Wash your hands and nails regularly, especially if they have been exposed to water or chemicals. Use an antiseptic solution of warm water and chlorhexadine or povidone-iodine for extra protection. Keep your nail-care tools, such as clippers and scissors, clean as well.

See a doctor if you notice any symptoms of infection. Symptoms of a nail infection include inflammation, swelling, pain, discomfort, and red streaks running from the nail toward your body. If you notice any of these symptoms, see a doctor, especially if they do not improve after a few days or if the infection spreads beyond the nail.

What to do if your fingernail won't reattach

If your fingernail won't reattach, it's important to determine the cause. Onycholysis, or nail separation, can be caused by several factors, including injuries, fungal infections, certain medications, and skin conditions. Once a nail detaches from its nail bed, it will not reattach, and a new nail will have to grow back in its place. This process can take up to six months for a fingernail and up to 18 months for a toenail.

If your fingernail won't reattach due to onycholysis, there are several things you can do to manage the condition and promote nail growth:

• See a healthcare provider: They can help determine the underlying cause of your onycholysis and provide appropriate treatment.
• Treat any underlying infections: Fungal infections are a common cause of onycholysis. Treating the infection can help resolve the nail separation.
• Keep the nail bed dry and clean: Moisture can create an environment for bacteria to grow. Keeping the nail bed dry and clean can help prevent infection and promote healing.
• Apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly: This can help keep the area moisturized and protected. Cover the area with a non-stick bandage to keep it clean and protected.
• Take steps to prevent trauma to the nail: Keep your nails trimmed and filed to prevent further damage to the nail. Avoid aggressive clipping, as this can make the problem worse.
• Elevate your hand or foot: Keep your hand or foot elevated above the level of your heart to reduce throbbing and swelling.
• Take pain relievers: Over-the-counter pain medications such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help reduce pain and swelling.

It's important to note that severe nail matrix damage may result in permanent nail loss. In such cases, a healthcare provider may offer alternative solutions, such as replacing the nail with a special type of material.

How to speed up fingernail growth

While nail growth is largely determined by genetics, there are several ways to speed up the process and strengthen your nails.

Firstly, maintaining nail hygiene is essential for nail health. Regularly washing your hands and nails, keeping them dry, and moisturising with a good quality nail and skin oil or lotion helps prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi. It is also important to avoid harsh chemicals and wear gloves when cleaning, gardening, or working with water.

Secondly, a well-balanced diet that includes essential nutrients like biotin, omega-3s, collagen, and protein is crucial for nail health. Nails are primarily made of a structural protein called keratin, which can be enhanced by consuming foods like eggs, onions, garlic, carrots, chickpeas, and dairy. Drinking enough water is also vital, as it keeps your nails moisturised and prevents them from becoming dry and brittle.

Thirdly, using nail hardeners and polishes can help protect your nails and prevent breakage. However, these should only be used for short periods, as prolonged use may cause nails to weaken and become more prone to breaking. Keeping your nails painted can also help, but it is important to use polishes that do not contain harsh ingredients.

Finally, physical activity and increased blood flow can contribute to faster nail growth. This is why nail growth tends to speed up in the summer due to warmer temperatures, and why pregnant women experience faster nail growth due to increased blood volume and growth hormones. Additionally, nails tend to grow faster on the dominant hand due to increased use and blood flow.

What causes fingernail discolouration

Fingernail discolouration can be caused by several factors, including infections, illnesses, skin disorders, and chemicals. Here are some of the common causes of fingernail discolouration:

Infections

Fungal infections are a common cause of nail discolouration. This can be caused by common fungi present in the air, dirt, and dust. One such infection is onychomycosis, which can cause cracked, yellow, discoloured, streaked, thickened, or spotted nails. Another infection is Green Nail Syndrome, caused by Pseudomonas bacteria, which turns the nail greenish-black.

Illnesses and Medical Conditions

Certain illnesses and medical conditions can also cause nail discolouration. For example, lung diseases like emphysema or chronic bronchitis can turn nails yellow. Additionally, peripheral artery disease (PAD) can cause slower nail growth due to reduced blood flow to the legs and feet. Serious illnesses like COVID-19, pneumonia, or a heart attack can cause Beau's lines, which are horizontal ridges in the nails.

Skin Disorders

Skin conditions such as psoriasis can affect the nails, causing them to split and develop pits on the surface. Eczema can also impact the nails, leading to Beau's lines, pitting, and texture or colour changes.

Chemicals

The use of certain chemicals can lead to nail discolouration. For instance, long-term use of nail polish can result in yellow or brownish discolouration. Additionally, acrylic-based gel polishes can also cause discolouration and nail damage.

Injuries

Injuries to the fingernails or toenails can cause nail discolouration and even nail loss. This can be caused by smashing a finger in a door, hitting it with a hammer, or cutting it with a sharp object. After an injury, you may observe bruising, ridges, or discolouration on the nail.

It is important to note that nail discolouration can be a sign of an underlying issue. If you notice persistent discolouration or other nail changes, it is advisable to consult a dermatologist or healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and treatment.

Frequently asked questions