How To Strengthen Nails That Bend And Break

why are my finger nails bend and break

Our nails can reveal a lot about our health. Changes in their shape, texture, and colour can indicate an underlying health issue. If your nails bend and break easily, it could be due to overexposure to moisture or harsh chemicals. This could be from something as simple as repeatedly washing your hands, which causes your nails to absorb water and swell, making them fragile. It could also be a sign of vitamin or mineral deficiency, such as a lack of iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, or biotin. In some cases, it could be an indicator of a more serious health issue, such as uncontrolled diabetes, circulatory diseases, or certain types of cancer. If you notice any significant changes in your nails, it is important to consult a dermatologist or a doctor to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.

Characteristics Values
Common Causes Repeated wetting and drying of fingernails, overexposure to moisture or chemicals, weak nails, thin nails, nail clubbing, nail curving, spoon nails, brittle nails, soft nails
Health Indicators Poor nutritional intake or poor digestion, thyroid disease, anemia, iron deficiency, zinc deficiency, vitamin B deficiency, calcium deficiency, fatty acid deficiency
Products to Avoid Detergent, cleaning fluids, nail treatments, nail polish, acrylic manicures, gel manicures
Products to Use Lotions with alpha hydroxy acids or lanolin, natural nail polish, supplements (after consulting a medical professional)
Actions to Take Wear gloves when washing dishes or cleaning, avoid chemicals, give nails a break from polish, consult a doctor

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Overexposure to moisture or chemicals

Overexposure to moisture can cause your nails to bend and break. Long-term exposure to water can cause the skin around your nails to soften, and your nails to become brittle, making them easier to break, bend, or split. Activities such as doing the dishes, washing your hands frequently, or repeated nail polish use can lead to overexposure to moisture. To prevent this, you can try wearing gloves while performing water-heavy tasks or reducing the time your hands are submerged in water.

Additionally, overexposure to certain chemicals can also contribute to nail breakage and bending. This includes exposure to cleaning fluids, detergents, nail treatments, nail polish, and polish remover. Even if you don't come into direct contact with these substances, spraying them in your environment can lead to your nails absorbing excess droplets. To protect your nails, it is recommended to use gloves when handling such chemicals and to opt for natural nail products to give your nails a chance to recover.

It is important to note that some chemicals are harmless as long as safe directions and instructions for use are followed, and warning labels are understood and heeded. However, practices such as using drills at higher-than-recommended speeds or wearing the wrong type of mask can lead to overexposure to potentially harmful chemicals, resulting in sensitivity and allergic reactions.

If you work in an environment where you are frequently exposed to water or chemicals, consider taking extra precautions to protect your nails and maintain their health.

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Vitamin and mineral deficiencies

Brittle nails are usually caused by repeated wetting and drying of the fingernails. However, they can also be a sign of vitamin and mineral deficiencies.

Zinc is an essential mineral that can contribute to nail health. A zinc deficiency may be due to a lack of zinc in the diet or an underlying medical condition. It can cause nail dystrophy, which is the discolouration and distortion of nails. This includes brittle nails, nails that crack, and lines appearing on the nail.

Iron deficiency can also cause brittle nails. One of the most common signs of iron-deficiency anaemia is brittle or spoon-shaped nails. A pale nail appearance may also indicate low iron levels, and iron deficiency can lead to ridges or changes in nail shape.

A biotin deficiency could also leave nails brittle and prone to breaking. Biotin is a B vitamin, and a deficiency can be addressed by eating more beef liver, meats, poultry, fish, clams, oysters, eggs, cheese, milk, nuts, seeds, sweet potatoes, spinach, and broccoli.

Magnesium is another mineral that contributes to nail health. A deficiency can result in weak, flaky nails that are prone to breakage. Patients with reduced plasma magnesium levels can develop soft, flaky nails that are inclined to break or split.

Calcium is a vital mineral that plays a pivotal role in the structure of nails. Soft or flexible nails, a condition known as Hapalonychia, have been linked to various nutritional deficiencies, including insufficient calcium intake.

Other vitamin deficiencies that can cause nail issues include vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E.

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Underlying health conditions

Brittle nails, or onychoschizia, are a common issue that causes soft, thin, or splitting nails. They can occur due to moisture issues or as a result of underlying health conditions.

Iron deficiency

Iron deficiency can cause spoon nails, where the nail appears concave either horizontally or vertically. This condition is also associated with other conditions, such as inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis, hypo- or hyperthyroidism, or autoimmune disorders.

Zinc deficiency

Zinc deficiency can cause scattered white spots on the nails, which usually start appearing around middle school.

Thyroid disorders

Thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), can cause brittle nails. This is because the condition affects the body's absorption of minerals.

Aging

Age can affect the strength of a person's nails, making them more prone to becoming brittle.

Anemia

Anemia occurs when the body does not produce enough hemoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Anemia can cause extreme fatigue and is sometimes caused by iron deficiency.

Raynaud's syndrome

Raynaud's syndrome causes a lack of blood flow to the fingers and toes, which can lead to brittle nails.

If you are concerned about the health of your nails, it is recommended that you consult a healthcare professional.

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Nail treatments and manicures

If you have bendy nails, there are several steps you can take to strengthen them. Firstly, it is important to protect your nails from harsh chemicals. Even if you do not come into direct contact with substances like bleach or window cleaner, spraying them can cause your nails to absorb excess droplets. Therefore, it is advisable to wear elbow-high rubber gloves when cleaning or washing dishes.

You should also avoid certain nail treatments and manicures, such as acrylic and gel manicures, which can be extremely damaging to nails, especially if they are already thin. Instead, opt for natural nail polish and topical treatments intended to strengthen the nail.

To prevent breakage, it is crucial to keep your hands and nails well-moisturized. Cuticle oil, cuticle cream, and hand lotion are all great options. Cuticle oil is particularly beneficial as it promotes nail flexibility and prolongs your manicure. It is recommended to apply it liberally at least once a day.

Additionally, you can try an overnight treatment by soaking your fingers for 2-3 minutes, patting them dry, coating them with an ointment-based product, and then wearing cotton gloves to bed. This helps fortify and hydrate your nails.

Finally, maintaining healthy nails requires considering environmental factors. Frequent contact with cleaning detergents, harsh antibacterial soaps, and even aggressive manicures can damage nails. It is advisable to avoid prolonged water exposure and potentially harsh ingredients in nail polishes.

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Genetic predisposition

While there are many factors that can cause brittle nails, some people may have a genetic predisposition to them. If your family has a history of nail problems, you may be more prone to experiencing them. This predisposition may cause nails to be thinner and more prone to bending and breaking.

Research demonstrates that working in wet conditions can lead to increased nail brittleness. Repeated water exposure can also lead to nail peeling, so if your nails are soft and peeling, this may be the main cause. Frequent dishwashing without gloves or prolonged soaking in water can lead to brittle nails.

Harsh chemicals in household cleaning products, nail polish removers, and nail treatments can strip the natural oils from your nails and make them brittle. Even if you don’t come into direct contact with chemicals, spraying them in your environment will put your nails at risk of absorbing excess droplets.

Aging is another factor that can contribute to nail brittleness. As we age, our nails naturally become more brittle. This is because the production of natural oils in the nail bed decreases, leading to drier and more fragile nails. Taking extra care of your nails becomes more important as we get older.

In addition to external factors, internal issues such as thyroid disease, anemia, or nutritional deficiencies can cause nails to become brittle. Nutritional deficiencies play a significant role in nail health, and insufficient essential vitamins and minerals can weaken nails. A balanced diet rich in biotin, iron, zinc, and vitamins A and C is essential for maintaining strong and healthy nails.

To strengthen your nails, focus on topical treatments intended to enhance nail health and avoid acrylic manicures and harsh chemicals. You can also try biotin and horsetail supplements to promote nail growth and strength.

Frequently asked questions

Your fingernails may be bending and breaking due to overexposure to moisture or chemicals. Water is the most common reason for bending and breaking fingernails. The repeated process of your nails absorbing water and swelling, then returning to their original size when dry, can make them fragile.

To prevent your nails from bending and breaking, you can try wearing gloves when washing dishes or doing other water-heavy tasks. You should also avoid harsh chemicals, such as bleach or window cleaner, and opt for natural nail polish.

Yes, nail issues can sometimes be a sign of an underlying health condition. For example, spoon nails, where the nails curve and can hold a droplet of water, can indicate iron-deficiency anaemia. Nail clubbing, a change in the appearance and structure of your nails, can be associated with diseases of the heart and lungs, such as lung cancer and cardiovascular disease.

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