Ava Monroe
Fingernails can reveal a lot about a person's health, and split nails can be caused by a variety of factors, including nutrient deficiencies, skin conditions like psoriasis, and underlying medical conditions. Nails can split vertically or horizontally, and while there are home remedies to fix a split nail, it's important to address the underlying cause to promote healthy nail growth. This article will explore the reasons why fingernails split and provide guidance on how to address and prevent this common issue.
What to do about a fingernail that keeps splitting:
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Cause | Injury, nail biting, nail picking, frequent exposure to moisture, fungal/bacterial/yeast infections, psoriasis, vitamin deficiency, thyroid problems, iron deficiency, calcium deficiency, zinc deficiency, vitamin A deficiency, vitamin B deficiency, vitamin C deficiency, vitamin D deficiency, medication, harsh chemicals, age, pregnancy, cancer treatment |
| Prevention | Maintain a healthy diet, take biotin supplements (with a doctor's consent), wear gloves while doing chores, avoid harsh chemicals, keep nails trimmed, moisturize nails and cuticles, use nail hardening products, avoid biting or picking nails, avoid acetone-based nail polish remover, avoid ripping or pulling hangnails, maintain a good hygiene routine |
| Treatment | Home remedies (nail glue, tea bag, nail polish), medical treatment (stitches, anti-fungal medication, dietary supplements, psoriasis treatments) |
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What You'll Learn
Home remedies for fixing a split nail
A split nail can occur due to trauma or injury to the nail area, or even as a result of vitamin deficiency. While a severely split nail may require medical treatment, there are several home remedies that can be used to fix a mildly split nail. These remedies typically involve either mending the nail or concealing the damage.
One popular home remedy involves using nail glue to reattach the nail. A small amount of adhesive is applied to the nail, and gentle pressure is applied to push the nail back together. After the glue has dried, the nail can be painted to hide the break. However, it is important to note that nail glues often contain cyanoacrylates, which can cause allergies.
Another method is to use a tea bag as a DIY nail wrap. Cut a small piece of tea bag paper and apply a coat of clear nail polish to the split nail. Place the tea bag paper over the nail and let it dry before applying another coat of clear polish. This provides a temporary fix until a more permanent solution can be applied.
Nail wraps are another option for fixing split nails. These are thin materials that are placed over the nail and bonded with a special glue. They reinforce the nail and prevent further splitting.
Additionally, gel nail extensions and acrylic nail overlays can be used to protect the natural nail and prevent further splitting. These treatments can be applied in a salon and can be customised to match the natural nail colour.
To prevent split nails, it is recommended to wear gloves while doing chores, avoid overexposure to water, and minimise the use of nail polish and harsh chemicals. Keeping the nails well-hydrated and maintaining a healthy diet rich in vitamins and minerals can also help prevent nail splitting.
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How to prevent nails from splitting
Split nails are a common issue that can occur due to various reasons, ranging from injuries to underlying health conditions. While some splits heal with time as the nail grows out, others may require medical attention. Here are some ways to prevent nails from splitting:
Keep your nails hydrated but not excessively moist:
Moisture can be a double-edged sword when it comes to nail health. On the one hand, keeping your nails hydrated is essential for maintaining their health. This can be achieved by applying thick moisturisers or petroleum jelly to improve nail hydration. On the other hand, overexposure to moisture can lead to weak and brittle nails that are prone to splitting. Activities such as frequent handwashing, doing dishes, and repeated nail polish use can contribute to excessive moisture. To strike a balance, reduce the frequency of wetting and drying your nails, and always wear gloves when performing tasks that involve water or chemicals.
Maintain a healthy diet and consider supplements:
Nutrient deficiencies, especially in iron, zinc, biotin (vitamin B7), and selenium, can lead to brittle nails that are more susceptible to splitting. A healthy diet rich in vitamins and minerals is crucial for nail health. If you suspect a nutrient deficiency, consider taking supplements like biotin, a B vitamin that promotes healthy nails, but only after consulting with your doctor. Pregnant individuals, in particular, may need extra vitamins and minerals to support the growing baby, and nail splitting could be an indicator of an underlying iron deficiency.
Avoid nail-damaging habits:
Certain habits can increase the likelihood of nail splitting. Biting, picking, or pulling at your nails can introduce stress and weaken the nail structure, making it more prone to splitting. Additionally, removing or cutting the cuticle can compromise nail health and increase the risk of infection. Thumb-sucking and snagging your nails on fabric or other objects can also contribute to nail splitting.
Choose nail products wisely:
The use of certain nail products and cosmetics can have detrimental effects on nail health. Acetone-based nail polish removers, harsh solvents, and chemicals found in cleaning supplies and nail polish can dehydrate and weaken nails, making them more prone to splitting. Formaldehyde-containing nail-hardening agents should be used cautiously as they may cause brittleness and other nail issues. Always opt for nail-friendly products and avoid harsh chemicals like toluene and formaldehyde.
Keep nails trimmed and protected:
Maintaining short nails can help prevent splitting. Trimming nails and gently filing any snags or uneven edges can reduce the chances of catching and tearing. Applying a layer of clear nail polish can also help protect cracked nails. Additionally, wearing gloves, especially when performing tasks that involve water or chemicals, provides a protective barrier for your nails.
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When to seek medical attention for a split nail
While split nails are common and not usually a cause for concern, there are some instances where you should seek medical attention. If your nail is severely split, causing you pain, or appears to be infected, you should seek medical attention to fix the nail and address any underlying issues. In some cases, a severe nail split may require a healthcare professional to remove the nail completely or stitch the nail bed.
If your nails are splitting frequently, this could indicate an underlying health concern, and you should raise this with your medical care team. For example, if you haven't experienced any injury or trauma to your nails, but they are splitting or separating from the nail bed, you should contact your healthcare provider as soon as possible. This could be a sign of a fungal infection or a more serious condition.
Additionally, if your nails are splitting due to an underlying medical condition, such as psoriasis, you may need to seek medical treatment to address the condition and prevent further nail damage. Similarly, if you suspect that your nails are splitting due to a vitamin or nutrient deficiency, you should consult a doctor for advice on how to improve your diet or whether you need supplements.
In summary, while most nail splits can be treated with home remedies, it is important to seek medical attention if the split is severe, causing pain, appears infected, or is occurring frequently. This is especially true if you haven't experienced any trauma to your nails, as it could indicate a more serious underlying issue.
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How to strengthen nails to prevent splitting
Nail splitting is a common issue that can be caused by various factors, such as injury, moisture, and certain underlying health conditions. While occasional nail splitting is normal, frequent splitting can indicate an underlying health issue. Here are some ways to strengthen your nails and prevent splitting:
Maintain a Healthy Diet
Nutrient deficiencies can lead to weak and brittle nails that are prone to splitting. Ensure you are consuming enough vitamins and minerals, such as vitamins A, B, C, and D, as well as iron, zinc, and calcium. Biotin, a B vitamin supplement, can also help promote nail health, but it should be taken under a doctor's supervision.
Keep Nails Hydrated and Moisturized
Nails that are exposed to excessive moisture, such as frequent hand washing or dishwashing, can become weak and brittle. On the other hand, too little moisture can lead to dry and brittle nails. Keep your nails well-hydrated by using thick moisturizers or petroleum jelly, especially after washing your hands or showering.
Avoid Harsh Nail Products
Harsh nail products, such as nail polish, nail polish remover, and nail hardeners, can dehydrate and damage your nails, making them more susceptible to splitting. Opt for natural nail care routines and choose nail products that are gentle and nourishing.
Wear Gloves
Protect your nails by wearing gloves when performing tasks that involve water or chemicals, such as household chores or certain occupations. Rubber or cotton-lined rubber gloves can help shield your nails from excess moisture and harsh substances.
Keep Nails Trimmed and Well-Maintained
Trimming your nails regularly can help prevent them from catching or tearing, reducing the likelihood of splits. Filing your nails can also smooth out any rough edges, preventing further snagging and potential splitting.
Seek Medical Advice if Necessary
If nail splitting persists or is accompanied by other symptoms, consult a healthcare professional. They can help determine if an underlying health condition, such as a vitamin deficiency, nail fungus, or psoriasis, is contributing to the issue and provide appropriate treatment options.
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Common causes of nail splitting
Fingernails are made out of layers of keratin, a protein also found in hair. Healthy nails are smooth, with consistent colouring and no spots or discolouration. They don't have pits or grooves, although they may have vertical ridges.
Nail splitting can be random or the result of a recent injury. A nail split can also be a sign of an underlying medical condition, vitamin deficiency, or nail infection.
Injury
Any number of traumatic events can cause a small or large split. People can catch their nails in doors, pinch them under a heavy object, or tear their nails on something sharp. Nail injuries can cause horizontal splitting, and even a small injury can lead to nail splitting.
Moisture
Excess moisture can weaken nails, causing them to become brittle, soft, and prone to splitting. Frequent exposure to water can cause nails to split, and this can happen during everyday activities such as washing dishes, cleaning, or repeated nail polish use.
Age
As you age, your nails grow more slowly and can become brittle and discoloured. They also become thinner and more prone to cracking and splitting.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes outbreaks of red scaly areas and patches. It can affect the nails, causing them to thicken, crumble, or split. About 10-55% of people with plaque psoriasis develop nail psoriasis.
Vitamin deficiency
Nutrient deficiencies may affect nail appearance. For example, people with iron deficiencies often have brittle nails.
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Frequently asked questions
There are many reasons why your fingernail might be splitting. Nails can split due to aging, injuries, infections, skin conditions such as psoriasis, nutrient deficiencies, or even pregnancy. If your nail keeps splitting, it could be a sign of an underlying health issue.
There are several home remedies you can try to fix a split nail. You can use nail glue or clear nail polish to hold the nail together until the split disappears. You can also try using a tea bag or petroleum jelly. If the split is severe or affects the nail bed, you may need to seek medical treatment.
To prevent your nails from splitting, it's important to keep them clean, hydrated, and healthy. Avoid excessive exposure to water and harsh chemicals, and consider using a nail-hardening solution. Wearing gloves while doing chores can also help protect your nails.
