Isla Bennett
Pitted nails are characterised by small dents in the surface of the nail, which can affect both the fingernails and toenails. While the condition can be genetic, it is often a sign of an underlying health condition, such as psoriasis, eczema, alopecia areata, or joint inflammation.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Small dents in the nails |
| Location | Fingernails or toenails |
| Causes | Psoriasis, eczema, alopecia areata, arthritis, dermatitis, or joint inflammation |
| Other symptoms | Crumbling or loose nails that separate from the skin |
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What You'll Learn
Psoriasis
Pitted nails are small dents in the nails, which can affect both the fingernails and toenails. One of the most common causes of nail pitting is psoriasis, a chronic skin condition that causes red and silver itchy, scaly skin. Psoriasis can also make nails thicken or separate from the underlying nail beds, a process called onycholysis. These nail changes are most common in people with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), which causes joint pain, stiffness, and swelling. While nail changes might not be the first symptom that comes to mind when thinking of psoriasis, it is not uncommon. If you have pitted nails, it is important to see a healthcare provider to rule out and diagnose any underlying conditions.
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Eczema
Pitted nails are small dents in the nails, which can affect both the fingernails and toenails. It is often a sign of an underlying health condition, most commonly psoriasis, but it can also be a symptom of eczema (atopic dermatitis).
The nail is part of the skin and grows from the nail root, which is found just under the cuticle. This is why nail pitting is often related to skin conditions. In people with eczema, nail pitting can be a sign of inflammation in the body. It is also possible for pitted nails to be hereditary, so it is worth considering whether any family members have experienced similar nail changes.
If you are experiencing pitted nails alongside symptoms of eczema, such as dry, itchy, or inflamed skin, it is important to consult a healthcare professional. They can help determine whether your pitted nails are related to eczema or another underlying condition and provide appropriate treatment options.
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Alopecia areata
Pitted nails are small dents in the nails, which can affect both the fingernails and toenails. One of the most common causes of nail pitting is psoriasis, a chronic skin condition that causes red and silver itchy, scaly skin. However, pitted nails can also be a symptom of alopecia areata, a condition characterised by hair loss.
The exact cause of alopecia areata is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. People with a family history of alopecia areata or other autoimmune diseases are at an increased risk of developing the condition. Additionally, certain triggers, such as stress, illness, or hormonal changes, may contribute to the onset of alopecia areata.
There is no cure for alopecia areata, but treatment options are available to help manage the condition. These include medications such as corticosteroids, which can be injected into the affected areas or applied topically to promote hair growth. Other treatments include phototherapy, which uses ultraviolet light to stimulate hair growth, and minoxidil, a medication that is applied topically to the scalp to encourage hair regrowth.
If you suspect you have alopecia areata, it is important to consult a healthcare professional. They can diagnose the condition and rule out other potential causes of hair loss. Additionally, they can provide guidance on treatment options and support you in managing the condition effectively.
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Arthritis
Pitted nails are small dents in the nails, which can affect both the fingernails and toenails. One of the most common causes of pitted nails is psoriasis, a chronic skin condition that causes red and silver itchy, scaly skin. However, pitted nails can also be a sign of arthritis, a condition that causes joint pain, stiffness and swelling.
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a type of arthritis that is commonly associated with nail pitting. PsA causes joint pain, stiffness and swelling, and it is estimated that up to 30% of people with psoriasis have PsA. In addition to nail pitting, people with PsA may also experience changes in their nails, such as thickening or separation from the nail bed (a process called onycholysis).
The exact cause of PsA is unknown, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental and immune system factors. People with a family history of psoriasis or arthritis are at an increased risk of developing PsA. Other risk factors include stress, injury or infection, and certain medications.
There is no cure for PsA, but treatments can help to manage the symptoms and improve quality of life. These treatments may include medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), or biologics. Physical therapy and exercise can also help to improve joint mobility and reduce pain. In some cases, surgery may be recommended to repair damaged joints or to replace severely damaged joints with artificial ones.
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Dermatitis
Pitted nails are small dents in the nails, which can affect both the fingernails and toenails. One of the most common causes of nail pitting is psoriasis, a chronic skin condition that causes red and silver itchy, scaly skin. However, pitted nails can also be caused by atopic dermatitis (eczema), a condition that causes inflammation, swelling, and itching of the skin.
The exact cause of dermatitis is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors. Certain triggers can cause flare-ups, such as irritants (soaps, detergents, cosmetics), allergens (pollen, dust mites, pet dander), stress, and certain foods. People with dermatitis often experience symptoms such as dry, itchy, and scaly skin, rashes, blisters, and cracked skin. The symptoms can vary depending on the type of dermatitis and the individual.
Treatment for dermatitis aims to relieve symptoms, control inflammation, and prevent future flare-ups. Moisturizers and emollients are often recommended to keep the skin hydrated and protect it from irritants. Topical corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and itching. In more severe cases, oral or injected medications, such as immunosuppressants or biologics, may be necessary. Light therapy, also known as phototherapy, is another treatment option that uses controlled exposure to ultraviolet light to improve skin symptoms.
It is important to see a healthcare provider if you suspect you have dermatitis. They can diagnose the specific type of dermatitis and recommend an appropriate treatment plan. With proper management, most people with dermatitis can control their symptoms and maintain healthy skin.
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Frequently asked questions
Pitted nails are small dents in the nails.
Pitted nails can be caused by psoriasis, eczema, alopecia areata, arthritis, dermatitis or joint inflammation.
Yes, pitted nails can be a sign of an underlying health condition, such as psoriasis or eczema.
If you have pitted nails, it is important to see a healthcare provider. They can administer tests that rule out and diagnose underlying conditions.
Pitted nails are not uncommon and can affect both the fingernails and toenails. Fingernails are more commonly affected than toenails.
