Isla Bennett
Gel manicures are a popular choice for many due to their long-lasting and glossy finish. However, the UV curing process used to harden the polish has raised concerns about potential health risks, particularly the development of skin cancer and nail damage. While some studies suggest that the UV exposure from gel nail curing is relatively low, others indicate that repeated and prolonged exposure can lead to DNA damage, skin ageing, and an increased risk of skin cancer. As a result, it is recommended that individuals take precautionary measures, such as applying sunscreen to their hands, wearing UV-protective gloves, and opting for LED light curing instead of UV lamps.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Long-term exposure to UV gel nails | May cause DNA damage and mutate cells, leading to potential skin cancer risks |
| UV nail dryers | Emit ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation, which is associated with a higher cancer risk |
| Precautions | Use sunscreen, wear fingerless gloves, opt for LED lights, or choose non-UV gel polishes |
| Nail damage | Repeated application and removal of gel polish can lead to nail thinning, brittleness, and peeling |
| Allergies | Some people may develop allergies to the gel, which can result in lifelong allergies to acrylics |
| Chronic health conditions | Individuals with conditions like Lupus may not be able to wear gel nails |
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What You'll Learn
- The UV curing process hardens gel nail polish but can cause DNA damage and cell mutation
- UV exposure can cause skin ageing, wrinkles and sunspots
- There is a potential link between UV nail lamps and skin cancer
- Non-UV gel polishes are available and offer similar durability without the risks of UV exposure
- You can protect your skin by applying sunscreen and wearing UV-protective gloves
The UV curing process hardens gel nail polish but can cause DNA damage and cell mutation
The UV curing process is an integral part of the gel nail manicure, hardening the gel polish into a durable and long-lasting manicure. However, concerns have been raised about the potential health risks associated with UV exposure during this process, specifically the possibility of DNA damage and cell mutation.
Gel nail polish is a type of nail polish that requires curing with a special UV or LED lamp. The curing process, also known as polymerisation, involves using a UV light to seal and harden the gel nail polish, forming a solid layer that resists chipping and wear. This process is made possible by the addition of photoinitiators to the gel formula, which react to UV light, triggering the transformation of the liquid gel polish into a solid state.
While gel manicures are popular due to their durability and shine, the UV curing process has come under scrutiny for its potential health risks. Recent studies have found that UV nail polish dryers can cause DNA damage and cell mutations, confirming long-standing safety concerns among dermatologists. The UV light emitted by these devices can lead to mitochondrial and DNA damage, resulting in mutations that are consistent with those observed in skin cancer cases.
The link between UV nail lamps and skin cancer has been supported by several reports of frequent gel polish users developing rare cancers on their nails, fingers, and hands. Additionally, the lack of standardisation in curing times and the incentive to over-cure the polish to ensure a well-cured manicure further contribute to the potential risks associated with UV exposure during the gel manicure process.
To mitigate these risks, it is recommended to limit the use of gel manicures and explore alternative manicure options. For those who choose to continue with gel manicures, taking precautions such as using sunscreen, wearing fingerless gloves, or covering hands with garments that have a UPF (ultraviolet protection factor) rating can provide added protection. Additionally, partnering with a dermatologist for regular skin checks can help identify any early signs of skin cancer.
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UV exposure can cause skin ageing, wrinkles and sunspots
While gel manicures are a popular choice for their long-lasting and glossy finish, the UV curing process necessary for gel nail polish comes with certain risks. One of the primary concerns associated with UV exposure during gel manicures is its contribution to skin ageing, wrinkles and sunspots.
UV radiation from nail lamps has been linked to premature skin ageing and wrinkles. The skin on your hands is particularly vulnerable as it receives direct exposure to UV light during the manicure process. Over time, repeated exposure can lead to visible signs of ageing, including wrinkles and sunspots.
Sunspots, also known as hyperpigmentation, age spots or liver spots, are flat, brown or black spots that appear on the skin due to prolonged sun exposure. They are more common in areas frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, hands and arms. The development of sunspots can be accelerated by UV exposure during gel manicures, as the hands are directly exposed to UV light.
To mitigate the risks of UV exposure, precautionary measures can be taken. Applying sunscreen to your hands before a gel manicure can help shield your skin from harmful UV rays. Additionally, wearing fingerless gloves with a UPF (ultraviolet protection factor) rating during the curing process can provide added protection by covering your hands while leaving your nails exposed.
It is also important to be mindful of the duration of UV exposure. While there is no standard for how long hands should be kept under the lamp, keeping them exposed for shorter periods can help reduce the potential for skin damage.
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There is a potential link between UV nail lamps and skin cancer
A 2014 study in JAMA Dermatology found that the level of UVA exposure associated with a gel manicure every two weeks probably isn't high enough to increase the risk of skin cancer significantly. However, the study also concluded that longer exposure times led to an increased potential for skin damage. While the UV exposure from gel nail curing is relatively low compared to other sources, the collective effect can still be harmful over time.
In addition, a 2017 study discovered that some nail melanomas contained mutations with a UV signature, which suggests that UV exposure may be a risk factor for nail melanoma. This finding is particularly concerning, as nail melanoma can be difficult to detect and treat.
To minimise the risks associated with gel nail polish, it is essential to take precautionary measures. Applying sunscreen to your hands before your gel nail appointment can help shield your skin from harmful UV rays. Wearing UV-protective gloves during the curing process can also reduce the amount of UV light your skin is exposed to.
While gel manicures may pose some risks, it is important to note that non-UV gel polishes are available that do not require curing under UV light. These products offer similar durability and shine without the risks associated with UV exposure. Traditional nail polish is also an option and remains a popular choice for many, as it does not require UV curing and is generally easier on the nails.
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Non-UV gel polishes are available and offer similar durability without the risks of UV exposure
The popularity of gel manicures has raised concerns about the potential health risks associated with UV exposure. While gel manicures offer durability, the UV curing process can cause DNA damage and increase the risk of skin cancer. As a result, non-UV gel polishes have emerged as a safer alternative, offering similar durability without the risks of UV exposure.
Non-UV gel polishes are formulated to dry and harden without the need for UV light curing. These polishes typically use a combination of a base coat and a top coat to achieve the desired finish. While they may not last as long as UV-cured gel polishes, non-UV gel polishes can still provide up to two weeks of chip-free wear. Additionally, non-UV gel polishes do not require harsh removal processes, such as soaking nails in pure acetone, which can damage natural nails.
One popular option for non-UV gel polishes is the Green Flash brand, which offers over 60 shades in classic, bright, neon, and glitter options. Green Flash polishes are formulated with healthy living in mind, taking only one minute to remove without causing any damage to the nails. The application process is similar to that of regular gel polishes, with the only difference being the use of an LED light instead of a UV light, and slightly longer curing times.
Another option for achieving a gel-like finish without UV curing is to use a clear gel top coat over regular nail polish. This method allows you to turn any nail polish into a fast-drying, long-lasting, and chip-resistant manicure. For example, Chanel offers a clear gel top coat that cures with natural light and provides an ultra-glossy, gel-like finish that lasts for up to seven days. Similarly, CND's Vinylux system provides glossy, gel-like nails that last for a full week.
By opting for non-UV gel polishes or gel-like top coats, individuals can enjoy the durability and aesthetic benefits of gel manicures without exposing themselves to the potential risks associated with UV light curing. These alternatives provide a safer and more nail-friendly option for those concerned about the health implications of traditional gel manicures.
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You can protect your skin by applying sunscreen and wearing UV-protective gloves
While gel manicures are a popular choice for their durability, the UV light used to cure the polish can potentially cause skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer. To protect your skin from the UV rays, you can take the following precautions:
Apply sunscreen
Applying sunscreen on your hands and fingers is a great way to protect your skin from UV exposure. It is recommended to use a broad-spectrum (UVA/UVB) sunscreen with a high SPF rating, such as SPF 45 or SPF 50. Make sure to apply the sunscreen 20 minutes before your hands are exposed to the UV light during the gel manicure process. However, it is important to note that sunscreen may not provide complete protection against subungual (under the nail) squamous cell carcinoma, a rare but aggressive form of skin cancer.
Wear UV-protective gloves
Another way to protect your skin is by wearing gloves with a high UPF (ultraviolet protection factor) rating, such as UPF 50+. These gloves are designed to block a significant percentage of harmful UVA and UVB rays, providing ultimate protection for your hands. You can find fingerless UV-protective gloves that allow you to have your manicure while shielding your hands from UV exposure.
Limit the frequency of gel manicures
Reducing the frequency of your gel manicures can also help minimise the potential risks associated with UV exposure. Instead of getting a gel manicure every few weeks, consider making it a special occasion treat, or limiting it to a few times a year. This will decrease your cumulative UV exposure and reduce the potential for skin damage.
Choose a reputable salon
When getting a gel manicure, it is important to select a reputable salon that prioritises safety. Look for a salon with good reviews and sterile instruments to minimise the risk of skin infections and other complications. Additionally, you can inquire about the type of lamps they use, as some salons may use LED lamps that emit lower levels of UV radiation compared to traditional UV lamps.
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Frequently asked questions
There is some evidence to suggest that the ultraviolet (UV) light used to cure gel nail polish can increase the risk of skin cancer. However, the level of exposure from a gel manicure every two weeks is probably not high enough to significantly increase the risk. To reduce the risk, you can apply sunscreen or wear fingerless gloves during the manicure.
According to dermatologists, you should look out for any changes or discolouration in the nail, such as a dark, brown, black, or red line, especially if it extends back to the cuticle. Any bumps in the nail, underneath the nail plate, or cracks in the nail are also potential signs of trouble.
Yes, some brands make long-lasting, fast-drying gel polishes that don't need to be cured by UV light. There are also dip powders, which are applied directly to the nail and air-dried. Traditional nail polish is another option, as it will harden and dry without any UV light.
