
Trimming your nails is an essential part of maintaining good hygiene. While it may seem straightforward, there are several steps to follow to ensure healthy nails. Firstly, it is important to prepare your nails by softening them with water or by trimming them post a shower. Using the right tools, such as nail clippers or manicure scissors, cut your nails straight across, avoiding cutting the entire nail in one go to prevent weakening the sides. Finish by filing your nails in one direction to smoothen and shape them. Remember to disinfect your tools and always leave a sliver of white at the top of your nails to avoid pain and infection.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Nail preparation | Nails should be softened by soaking them in warm water or after a shower/bath. |
| Timing | Trim nails every few weeks or when they get long. |
| Tools | Use nail clippers, manicure scissors, or a filing tool like an emery board. |
| Technique | Cut nails straight across with multiple small cuts, not in one go. Smooth with a nail file, always filing in the same direction. |
| Cuticle care | Leave cuticles alone as they protect the nail root. |
| Aftercare | Moisturize nails and cuticles to maintain flexibility and prevent breakage. |
| Hygiene | Disinfect tools before and after use. |
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What You'll Learn

Soften nails before cutting
It is important to trim your nails regularly to prevent bacteria growth and maintain good hand and foot hygiene. However, nail clipping should be done correctly to ensure healthy nails. One of the most important steps is to soften your nails before cutting them. Here are some tips to soften your nails before cutting:
Soak your nails in warm water
Soak your nails in warm water for a few minutes before cutting them. This will make your nails softer and easier to trim. You can use a bowl of warm water and soak your nails for a few minutes, or simply soak them while taking a shower or bath. This method is especially effective for toenails, which tend to be thicker and tougher than fingernails.
Use nail softening products
If you have thick nails or are dealing with a fungal infection, you can try using nail softening products. Apply VapoRub or tea tree oil to your nails and let it sit until your nails feel softer. Alternatively, you can soak cotton balls in white vinegar or apple cider vinegar and dab your nails until they soften. These methods can help soften fungal nails, but it is important to note that they do not treat the infection itself. For effective treatment of a fungal infection, consult a doctor or podiatrist.
Moisturize your nails
Nails can become brittle and breakable if they are too dry. Applying moisturizer to your nails and cuticles can help keep them flexible and prevent splitting. Make sure to moisturize your nails regularly, especially in dry weather conditions. Choose a moisturizer that is suitable for your skin type and apply it generously to your nails and the surrounding skin.
Cut nails straight across
After softening your nails, use clean nail clippers to cut your nails. Cut each nail straight across with multiple small cuts, rather than one large cut. Avoid cutting past the opaque tips of your nails to prevent exposing the sensitive skin underneath. Cutting your nails in this way will help prevent ingrown toenails and keep your nails healthy and strong.
File your nails
Once you have finished cutting your nails, use a nail file to smooth out any uneven or rough edges. Always file your nails in the same direction, as filing back and forth can weaken your nails. Use long swipes with the nail file to shape and smooth your nails. This step will help prevent snagging or tearing as your nails grow.
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Cut straight across
Cutting your nails straight across is an important step in nail care. Nails are a reflection of your overall health, and trimming them correctly can help prevent common issues like hangnails and ingrown toenails.
When cutting your nails, it is important to use the right tools. For fingernails, use nail clippers with rounded blades designed for fingers, and for toenails, use larger toenail clippers. Make sure to disinfect your clippers before and after use by soaking a small scrub brush in a bowl containing 70% to 90% isopropyl alcohol and then scrubbing the clippers. You can also use sanitizing spray.
Before cutting your nails, it is recommended to soften them by soaking them in warm water for a few minutes or by cutting them right after a shower or bath. Soaking your nails will make them softer and easier to trim, reducing the risk of breakage and tearing. However, some people believe that cutting nails when they are dry is better as it can help prevent tearing and jagged edges.
When cutting your nails, hold your fingers or toes over a trash can or compost bin to catch the clippings. Cut your nails straight across with multiple small cuts, rather than one large cut. Cutting the entire nail in one go can bend and weaken your nail at the sides. Leave a sliver of "white" at the top of your nails, about one or two millimeters. This space is where the nail starts to separate from the skin it protects.
After cutting your nails, use a nail file or emery board to smooth out and shape them. File your nails in one direction, starting at the outside edge and pulling up towards the center. Avoid sawing back and forth, as this can weaken and damage your nails.
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Avoid cutting the cuticle
While you may be tempted to cut your cuticles, especially when getting a manicure, it is important to avoid doing so. The thin sliver of skin at the base of your nail bed, commonly known as the cuticle, serves as a protective barrier against bacteria and infection. By cutting your cuticles, you are removing this defence mechanism, making it easier for bacteria and other germs to enter your body and cause an infection.
Cutting your cuticles may also lead to other issues. For example, nail expert Jin Soon Choi notes that if you cut your cuticles regularly, they will "peel off and start to get ragged in a few days". Additionally, celebrity nail artist Stephanie Stone explains that the more you cut your cuticles, the more your body will think they need to be produced, leading to their growing back even thicker.
Instead of cutting your cuticles, you can use other methods to manage them. For instance, you can exfoliate your hands and cuticles beforehand to make the task of cutting your nails easier. You can also use cuticle oil with vitamin E and grape seed oil to nourish and care for your nails and cuticles.
If you have a hangnail or snagged skin, it is recommended to trim it down as short as possible to prevent it from ripping on its own. However, when it comes to your live skin, it is generally better to avoid cutting.
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File nails in one direction
Filing your nails is a great way to keep them strong and healthy while giving them your desired shape. However, it is possible to file incorrectly, which may weaken and damage your nails. To avoid this, it is important to file your nails in one direction.
Before filing your nails, ensure they are clean and dry to prevent bacteria from growing under your nail bed. If your nails are long, trim them to the desired length, as taking down the length with a file can cause too much stress on the nail, encouraging breakage or splitting.
When filing, hold the file parallel to the side of your nail, with your thumb and index finger, and file from the side to the centre in one direction. Avoid using a back-and-forth sawing motion, as this can lead to tears and breakage. Instead, use smooth, fluid strokes in a single direction, filing down the length of the nail.
If you are filing rounded nails, tilt the file slightly under your nail to achieve a curved edge. For square nails, file straight across the top of the nail, and for almond-shaped nails, file the sides straight and long, rounding off the tip.
Remember to go slowly and use light strokes, as filing too fast or removing too much nail can make it difficult to achieve your desired shape and length.
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Moisturise after trimming
Moisturising your nails after trimming is an important step in nail care. Nails are 1000 times more permeable to water than skin, and water exposure can weaken the structure of your nails, compromising their ability to retain hydration. Therefore, it is crucial to apply a moisturiser after your nails are exposed to water. This will help prevent your nails from becoming dry and brittle.
When choosing a moisturiser, opt for a nail-specific cream that contains ingredients like vitamin E, which can strengthen nails and prevent cracking. Alternatively, you can use your regular hand cream or go for an oil-based moisturiser, as oils tend to absorb better into the nail. Look for products containing sunflower oil or Brazil nut oil, which are phospholipids that increase nail flexibility and combat dryness.
After moisturising, you can take it a step further with the K-beauty trend of "nail slugging." This involves applying a thick, occlusive agent, such as Vaseline or Aquaphor, on top of your moisturised nail bed. This helps seal in moisture and improve absorption. For an even more intensive treatment, put on some cotton gloves after applying the ointment and leave it on overnight.
Additionally, consider exfoliating your nails once a week to remove dead skin cells and improve product absorption. You can use a product containing glycolic acid or urea for this purpose. Remember to always moisturise after exfoliating to replenish the lost oils and maintain nail flexibility.
By incorporating these steps into your nail care routine, you can ensure that your nails stay healthy, flexible, and well-hydrated.
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