Liam Carter
Nailing cedar shakes is a crucial step in ensuring a durable and aesthetically pleasing roof or siding installation. Proper technique not only enhances the longevity of the cedar but also prevents common issues like splitting, warping, or leaks. To begin, select the right type of nails—stainless steel or hot-dipped galvanized nails are recommended to resist corrosion. Use a nail gun or hammer to drive nails at a 45-degree angle, positioning them just above the center of the shake and ensuring they penetrate the underlying sheathing by at least ¾ inch. Spacing is key: follow manufacturer guidelines, typically placing nails 6 to 8 inches apart along the exposure line. Avoid overdriving nails, as this can split the wood, and always leave a small head exposed to allow for natural expansion and contraction of the cedar. With precision and attention to detail, nailing cedar shakes becomes a straightforward process that guarantees a professional finish.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Nail Type | Stainless steel or hot-dipped galvanized roofing nails (to prevent rust and corrosion) |
| Nail Length | 2 inches (minimum) for proper penetration into the roof deck |
| Nail Placement | 1 inch from the top edge of the shake, centered |
| Nail Pattern | Double nail for shakes wider than 6 inches; single nail for narrower shakes |
| Spacing | 14 to 16 inches apart along the roof, depending on local building codes |
| Exposure | 7 to 8 inches of exposed shake (bottom edge to nail line) for proper weather protection |
| Overhang | Minimum ¾ inch overhang at eaves and rakes for water runoff |
| Starter Course | Use a double layer of shakes or a starter strip at the eaves for added protection |
| Alignment | Maintain straight courses using a chalk line or string guide |
| Ventilation | Ensure proper roof ventilation to prevent moisture buildup and extend shake lifespan |
| Weather Conditions | Avoid installation in wet or freezing conditions; install in dry, mild weather |
| Tools Required | Hammer, nail gun (optional), chalk line, utility knife, and safety equipment |
| Maintenance | Regularly inspect for damage, clean debris, and treat with preservative as needed |
| Code Compliance | Follow local building codes and manufacturer guidelines for specific requirements |
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What You'll Learn
- Prepare the Surface: Clean, dry, and inspect the area for damage before installation
- Choose Quality Shakes: Select cedar shakes with uniform thickness and minimal defects
- Proper Nailing Technique: Use stainless steel nails, driven straight at a 50° angle
- Spacing and Alignment: Maintain consistent gaps (1/4 inch) and align shakes for a neat finish
- Weather Protection: Apply stain or sealant to protect cedar from moisture and UV damage
Prepare the Surface: Clean, dry, and inspect the area for damage before installation
Before you even think about nailing down cedar shakes, the surface beneath demands your full attention. A clean, dry, and damage-free substrate is the silent hero of a long-lasting installation. Dirt, debris, or moisture trapped beneath the shakes can lead to rot, mold, or uneven settling over time. Similarly, unnoticed damage like cracks or warping in the sheathing can compromise the entire structure. This preparatory step, though often overlooked, is the foundation of a durable and aesthetically pleasing cedar shake roof or siding.
Cleaning the surface is more than a cursory sweep. Use a pressure washer on a low setting (around 1,000–1,500 PSI) to remove dirt, mildew, and old residues without damaging the substrate. For stubborn stains, a mixture of bleach and water (1 part bleach to 3 parts water) can be applied with a brush, followed by a thorough rinse. Allow the area to dry completely—ideally for 48 hours in moderate weather—to prevent moisture from becoming a hidden adversary. In humid climates, consider using a moisture meter to ensure the substrate’s moisture content is below 19%, the threshold for safe installation.
Inspection is where your detective skills come into play. Walk the area systematically, checking for signs of wear, rot, or structural issues. Pay special attention to joints, corners, and areas prone to water accumulation. Replace any damaged sheathing or underlayment immediately, ensuring the new material is securely fastened and aligned with the existing structure. Even small imperfections, like loose nails or gaps, can create vulnerabilities that expand over time. Think of this step as a preemptive strike against future problems.
The interplay between cleaning, drying, and inspecting is both art and science. A clean surface reveals hidden flaws, while a dry substrate ensures adhesives and nails hold firmly. Inspection ties it all together, ensuring the area is not just ready but optimized for installation. Skipping or rushing this phase can turn a weekend project into a long-term headache. By treating this preparation with the care it deserves, you’re not just installing cedar shakes—you’re crafting a resilient, beautiful exterior that stands the test of time.
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$292.18
Choose Quality Shakes: Select cedar shakes with uniform thickness and minimal defects
Cedar shakes are not created equal, and the quality of your raw materials will directly impact the longevity and appearance of your project. Uniform thickness is critical for a seamless, weather-resistant installation. Shakes that vary in thickness will create uneven surfaces, making it difficult to achieve a consistent nail depth and leaving gaps where moisture can penetrate. Inspect each shake for defects like knots, splits, or warping. While some character is desirable for a rustic look, excessive defects weaken the wood and compromise durability.
Aim for shakes with a thickness variation of no more than 1/16 inch within a bundle. This ensures a more uniform appearance and easier installation.
Imagine a roof or siding where some shakes are noticeably thicker than others, creating a wavy, uneven surface. This not only detracts from the aesthetic appeal but also creates pockets where water can pool, leading to rot and premature deterioration. Conversely, a wall clad in uniformly thick cedar shakes presents a clean, polished look, showcasing the natural beauty of the wood grain.
The difference in cost between high-quality and lower-grade cedar shakes is often minimal compared to the long-term savings in maintenance and potential repairs. Investing in better materials upfront pays dividends in the lifespan and visual appeal of your project.
When selecting cedar shakes, prioritize reputable suppliers who source their wood from sustainably managed forests. Look for shakes that are kiln-dried to reduce moisture content and minimize shrinkage after installation. Additionally, consider the grade of the shakes. Premium grades will have fewer defects and more consistent coloring, while utility grades may offer a more rustic, weathered look but require more careful sorting during installation.
Remember, the time spent carefully selecting quality cedar shakes is an investment in the success of your project. By choosing shakes with uniform thickness and minimal defects, you're laying the foundation for a beautiful, durable, and long-lasting cedar shake installation.
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Proper Nailing Technique: Use stainless steel nails, driven straight at a 50° angle
Stainless steel nails are the unsung heroes of cedar shake installation, offering corrosion resistance that galvanized nails can’t match, especially in coastal or humid climates. Cedar is naturally resistant to decay, but pairing it with inferior fasteners undermines its longevity. Stainless steel nails, particularly Type 304 or 316, ensure the connection remains secure and rust-free for decades. This material choice isn’t just a recommendation—it’s a safeguard against premature failure, as rust can stain the wood and weaken the bond over time.
Driving nails at a precise 50° angle is both art and science. This angle ensures the nail penetrates deep enough into the roof deck or sheathing while maintaining a flush finish on the cedar shake. Too shallow, and the shake may loosen; too steep, and the nail head protrudes, risking water infiltration. Achieving this angle consistently requires practice and the right tools, such as a pneumatic nail gun with an adjustable guide or a manual hammer paired with a magnetic angle guide. The goal is to create a uniform, weather-tight surface that enhances both aesthetics and functionality.
Consider the nailing pattern as a structural grid, not just a series of individual fasteners. For most cedar shake installations, place nails ¾ to 1 inch above the exposure line, ensuring they’re centered on the shake. Spacing should follow manufacturer guidelines, typically one nail per shake, but high-wind zones may require additional fasteners. Overdriving nails is a common mistake—it splits the wood and compromises the seal. Instead, drive the nail until the head is flush, leaving the cedar’s natural texture undisturbed.
In regions prone to extreme weather, the 50° angle becomes even more critical. This angle helps the nail act as a secondary water barrier, directing moisture away from the roof deck. Pairing stainless steel nails with this technique ensures the system remains intact during heavy rain, snow, or wind. For DIY installers, investing in a quality nail gun with depth and angle adjustments can save time and reduce errors. Professionals often pre-drill holes in harder cedar to prevent splitting, a step that’s worth the extra effort for long-term durability.
The takeaway is clear: stainless steel nails driven at a 50° angle aren’t just details—they’re the foundation of a cedar shake roof’s performance. This technique bridges craftsmanship and engineering, ensuring the roof remains watertight, visually appealing, and structurally sound. Skimping on nail quality or precision may save time upfront but will cost more in repairs down the line. Master this method, and your cedar shake installation will stand the test of time, weathering seasons with grace and reliability.
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Spacing and Alignment: Maintain consistent gaps (1/4 inch) and align shakes for a neat finish
Achieving a professional look when installing cedar shakes hinges on precise spacing and alignment. A uniform 1/4-inch gap between shakes allows for proper airflow, preventing moisture buildup and promoting longevity. This spacing also creates a visually appealing pattern, enhancing the natural beauty of the cedar.
To ensure consistency, use a spacer tool or a simple trick: cut a 1/4-inch thick piece of wood or cardboard to guide each shake’s placement. Start at the bottom of the wall or roof, aligning the first course with a chalk line for straightness. Nail each shake in place, then slide the spacer along the edge before positioning the next one. This method eliminates guesswork and ensures even gaps throughout the installation.
Alignment is equally critical. Cedar shakes are naturally irregular, but proper alignment minimizes visual distractions. Overhang each course slightly (about 1/8 inch) to create a staggered, weather-resistant pattern. For a more refined look, sort shakes by size and shape before installation, grouping similar pieces together. This reduces the need for excessive trimming and maintains a harmonious appearance.
While precision is key, flexibility is also important. Cedar expands and contracts with humidity, so avoid forcing shakes too tightly together. If a gap seems slightly off, adjust the next shake’s position rather than altering the spacing. Over time, the wood will settle into its final form, and minor inconsistencies will blend into the overall design.
Finally, step back periodically to assess your work from a distance. What looks uneven up close may appear flawless from a few feet away. This practice not only ensures a neat finish but also builds confidence in your technique. With consistent spacing and thoughtful alignment, your cedar shake project will stand out for its craftsmanship and timeless appeal.
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Weather Protection: Apply stain or sealant to protect cedar from moisture and UV damage
Cedar shakes, with their natural beauty and durability, are a popular choice for siding and roofing. However, their longevity hinges on proper weather protection. Moisture and UV rays are the primary culprits behind cedar's deterioration, leading to warping, cracking, and fading. Applying a stain or sealant acts as a protective barrier, shielding the wood from these elements and ensuring its beauty and structural integrity for years to come.
While cedar is naturally resistant to rot and insects, its porous nature makes it susceptible to water absorption. This can lead to swelling, shrinkage, and eventually, decay. UV rays, on the other hand, break down the wood's lignin, causing it to become brittle and lose its vibrant color. A quality stain or sealant penetrates the wood, repelling moisture and blocking harmful UV rays, effectively slowing down the aging process.
Choosing the right product is crucial. Opt for a stain or sealant specifically formulated for cedar and exterior use. Oil-based stains penetrate deeply, offering excellent moisture protection and a natural, enhanced wood grain appearance. Water-based stains are easier to apply and clean up, but may require more frequent reapplication. Semi-transparent stains allow the wood's natural beauty to shine through while providing moderate protection, while solid stains offer maximum protection but obscure the wood grain.
Consider the climate and sun exposure when selecting a product. In areas with high rainfall, prioritize moisture resistance. For regions with intense sunlight, UV protection is paramount. Follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully regarding application methods, drying times, and recommended reapplication intervals, typically every 2-5 years depending on the product and environmental conditions.
Proper preparation is key to a successful application. Ensure the cedar shakes are clean, dry, and free of any debris. Sanding may be necessary to smooth rough surfaces and promote better adhesion. Apply the stain or sealant evenly using a brush, roller, or sprayer, following the wood grain. Allow ample drying time between coats, and avoid applying in direct sunlight or extreme temperatures. With proper care and regular maintenance, your cedar shakes will retain their beauty and protect your home for decades.
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Frequently asked questions
You’ll need a pneumatic nail gun (preferably a coil nailer), galvanized or stainless steel roofing nails (1 ¾ to 2 inches long), a hammer, a chalk line, a utility knife, and safety gear like gloves and eye protection.
Use two nails per shake for proper installation. Place nails 1 to 1 ½ inches above the exposure line and ¾ to 1 inch from each end of the shake.
The recommended exposure for cedar shakes is 7 to 9 inches, depending on the pitch of the roof and local building codes.
Use galvanized or stainless steel nails to prevent rust and ensure longevity, especially in humid or coastal areas where corrosion is more likely.
Use a chalk line to mark horizontal lines for each course, ensuring straight rows. Start from the bottom and work your way up, staggering the shakes to avoid vertical seams.
